{"id":625,"date":"2019-12-19T12:38:43","date_gmt":"2019-12-19T12:38:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rayo-optics.com?p=625"},"modified":"2019-12-19T14:05:35","modified_gmt":"2019-12-19T14:05:35","slug":"cataratas-congenitas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas","title":{"rendered":"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-image: url(&quot;http:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg&quot;);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:250px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:30px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-top: 0px;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:50px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div class=\"fusion-sep-clear\"><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:31px;margin-left:0px;\"><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas<\/p><\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Cuando un beb\u00e9 nace tras el per\u00edodo de gestaci\u00f3n est\u00e1ndar, ha finalizado el desarrollo embrionario entre las 37 y 42 semanas y est\u00e1 preparado y formado anat\u00f3micamente para su crecimiento, pero no tiene la capacidad de desarrollar todas sus habilidades cognitivas correctamente, ya que el sistema nervioso central contin\u00faa formando y conectando neuronas. A los tres a\u00f1os de edad dispone del doble de las conexiones neuronales que un adulto. Hacia los diez a\u00f1os se eliminan las conexiones ineficientes, a los veintiuno el cerebro alcanza el peso de un cerebro adulto, y a los veinticinco finaliza la formaci\u00f3n del c\u00f3rtex prefrontal, donde se ubica la memoria a corto plazo; pero, sobre todo, se determinan la personalidad, el comportamiento social y la inhibici\u00f3n ante las actividades de riesgo.<\/p>\n<p>La retina tambi\u00e9n forma parte de este sistema nervioso central: es una prolongaci\u00f3n del cerebro, por lo que podemos afirmar que vemos directamente a trav\u00e9s e nuestro cerebro. Cuando nacemos, la retina visual no est\u00e1 especializada, todav\u00eda se deben formar los conos y los bastones, los cuales son los fotorreceptores que nos permiten enviar la informaci\u00f3n al c\u00f3rtex visual. Por esta raz\u00f3n, es muy importante ya desde el mismo momento del nacimiento descartar cualquier patolog\u00eda cong\u00e9nita o cualquier necesidad refractiva para que se acabe de desarrollar con \u00e9xito la agudeza visual.<\/p>\n<p>El primer examen que se realiza al reci\u00e9n nacido lo lleva a cabo el pediatra a las pocas horas de su nacimiento. Se basa principalmente en una oftalmoscopia directa sin uso de ciclop\u00e9jicos para descartar la existencia de melanoma ocular o cataratas cong\u00e9nitas. Cuando se detecta un melanoma la cirug\u00eda es inmediata; es necesario llevar a cabo una enucleaci\u00f3n del ojo afectado para evitar la met\u00e1stasis.<\/p>\n<p>La causa de las cataratas cong\u00e9nitas suele ser hereditaria, pero tambi\u00e9n puede deberse a otras complicaciones, como enfermedades metab\u00f3licas o infecciones intrauterinas. En estos casos es necesario iniciar un protocolo de actuaci\u00f3n, de acuerdo con el cual se realiza una cirug\u00eda de cataratas antes de los dos meses de vida: se retira el cristalino opaco, pero no se reemplaza por ning\u00fan tipo de lente intraocular para corregir las dioptr\u00edas del cristalino. El oftalm\u00f3logo u \u00f3ptico optometrista, como es nuestro caso, calcula la graduaci\u00f3n que necesita el beb\u00e9 para comenzar a desarrollar la visi\u00f3n, y se adaptan unas lentes de contacto hidrof\u00edlicas pedi\u00e1tricas a medida y para uso permanente. Determinamos con padres y madres una periodicidad de control, de limpieza y de reemplazo de las lentes de contacto. Una vez cumplidos los seis meses se realiza una segunda cirug\u00eda ocular que incorpora una LIO pedi\u00e1trica; al beb\u00e9 ya no le ser\u00e1 necesario utilizar lentes de contacto, pero deber\u00e1 utilizar bifocales con la graduaci\u00f3n correcta para corregir la visi\u00f3n de lejos y cerca, con el prop\u00f3sito de iniciar con garant\u00edas un correcto desarrollo visual. Despu\u00e9s, recomendamos realizar ex\u00e1menes trimestrales para comprobar el ajuste de las gafas, evaluamos la mejora de la agudeza visual y el desarrollo adecuado de las capacidades perceptivomotoras, adem\u00e1s de descartar ambliop\u00edas (ojo vago), nistagmos y estrabismos que puedan dificultar un aprendizaje escolar \u00f3ptimo. Una vez que el ni\u00f1o o ni\u00f1a se adapte al bifocal, a los cuatro o cinco a\u00f1os es aconsejable comenzar a utilizar lentes progresivas personalizadas a sus caracter\u00edsticas anat\u00f3micas y ergon\u00f3micas. De esta manera, tambi\u00e9n podr\u00e1 ver n\u00edtidamente las distancias intermedias, como juegos de mesa, ordenadores y tablets.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":598,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-625","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-consejos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas - \ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas - \ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-12-19T12:38:43+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-12-19T14:05:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"667\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"\",\"@id\":\"\"},\"headline\":\"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-12-19T12:38:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-12-19T14:05:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas\"},\"wordCount\":1125,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Consejos\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas\",\"name\":\"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas - \ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-12-19T12:38:43+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2019-12-19T14:05:35+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":667},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Inici\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/\",\"name\":\"\ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics\",\"description\":\"\u00d2ptica en les corts barcelona\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/author\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas - \ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas - \ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics","og_url":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas","og_site_name":"\ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics","article_published_time":"2019-12-19T12:38:43+00:00","article_modified_time":"2019-12-19T14:05:35+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":667,"url":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"","Tiempo de lectura":"6 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas"},"author":{"name":"","@id":""},"headline":"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas","datePublished":"2019-12-19T12:38:43+00:00","dateModified":"2019-12-19T14:05:35+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas"},"wordCount":1125,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg","articleSection":["Consejos"],"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas","url":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas","name":"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas - \ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg","datePublished":"2019-12-19T12:38:43+00:00","dateModified":"2019-12-19T14:05:35+00:00","author":{"@id":""},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/contactologia_progressives.jpg","width":1000,"height":667},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/cataratas-congenitas#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Inici","item":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Cataratas cong\u00e9nitas"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/","name":"\ud83d\udc53 Rayo Optics","description":"\u00d2ptica en les corts barcelona","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"","url":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/author"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/625","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=625"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/625\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":648,"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/625\/revisions\/648"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=625"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=625"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rayo-optics.com\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=625"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}